Driving Ethical Business Practices through Technological Innovation

Introduction

In the recent era of globalisation, it is the responsibility of the organisations to develop next generation products and services in the market in order to maximise the values for the social communities as a whole. through enhancing the technological up-gradation as well as implementing latest production and manufacturing process, the organisations try to develop and manufacture the next generation products and services so that it is possible to serve the buyer innovatively and crate values for the customers as well as other stakeholders including government, employees, suppliers and distributors. The ethical business activities can be connected through the new production and manufacturing activities in the market. The literature review is important in this case in order to develop understanding and knowledge about the research topic which is the latest innovation and creativity in technology to manufacture the next generation products. If you require further assistance, consider seeking business dissertation help in place to refine your research and analysis.

Production technology and process innovation

In the recent era of globalisation, there is innovation and creativity in manufacturing the next generation products and services in the company, where the multinational corporate firms focus on latest manufacturing technology and process, so that it is possible to serve the customers in an innovative way with the best quality products (Mori and Nakanishi, 2017). In this regard, for developing next generation products, the major components are technology acceleration, supplier development, maintaining sustainability, workforce development and continuous improvement of the production and manufacturing technique (Aiuti, Roncarolo and Naldini, 2017). According to, Demizu et al. (2018), these activities are effective and crucial for developing the next generation products and services for the customers where the manufacturing companies try to develop high quality products that would be beneficial to maximise the customer’s values. In this regard, the manufacturing companies focus on sustainability of the products where the customers can utilise the products after making effective purchase decisions. The quality assurance and validity of the products must be maintained efficiently, where the companies try to utilise the quality raw materials to manufacture the final products (Koren et al., 2018). In addition to this, the manufacturers try to utilise the quality raw materials that are effective to maintain the quality of final output. The manufacturers move towards the use of organic products which are fresh and in good quality and this is effective to produce the next generation products in the market.

Additionally, According to Brightman, Beever and Hiles (2019), the manufacturers try to handle the production by implementing latest technology and machineries at the production sites as well as manage the warehouse for better management of the products. In this regard, utilising the production sites and the latest machineries are effective to manufacture the next generation products and in this regard the companies try to implement the latest machineries for fast and efficient production and manufacturing activities in the production unit. Additionally, the manufacturers try to implement CCTV and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) technology in the warehouse for managing the stock of the products through computerised database. It is effective for maintaining in safety and quality of the products and restocking the products can be managed properly in the organisational production sites (Onizawa et al., 2016). In this regard, supplier development is also necessary component for manufacturing the next generation products, where the organisations focus on hiring the efficient suppliers, developing green supply chain by maintaining the sustainability of the products and strengthening the supply chain efficiently. In order to develop green supply chain, the organisations recently move from traditional transaction mode towards utilising electric cars to make the business sustainable and develop green supply chain by reducing the emission of greenhouse gas (Ponce et al., 2019). Additionally, recently, the organisations utilise the renewable resources such as solar panel and air energy for production and manufacturing activities in the production sites. Natural gas and alternative energy resources are utilised recently in order to make the business sustainable and develop the next generation products in the market (Demizu et al., 2018).

In addition to this, as opined by Aiuti, Roncarolo and Naldini (2017), just in time technique and lean management procedure are also utilised recently to produce the next generation products. The manufacturer companies recently focus on packaging style in order to maintain quality and safety of the products and in this regard, for managing sustainability of the business, paper packaging technique is utilised well for protecting the products and providing green environmental footprint by reducing the use of plastic in the society. Additionally, there is supplier development and workforce development strategy, where the supplier and the employees are the major stakeholders to make the business successful (Janssen et al., 2017). In this regard, workplace planning, arranging training and encouraging creativity of the employees are effective to improve the performance of the manufacturers in producing next generation products. Moreover, there is implementation of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to enhance internal and external communication and it further helps to share the relevant data and information. In addition to this, the organisations try to develop cloud computing system as well as developing company website to deliver high quality products to the customers (Brightman, Beever and Hiles, 2019). As opined by Janssen et al. (2017), the online activities and cloud computing system are effective for the organisations to develop next generation products and manage the customers well in the market. The strategies of safety, energy saving, utilising organic and fresh raw materials, using latest production technique and automation process as well as quality management, reducing waste and capacity expansion are the major strategies of developing and manufacture the next generation products in the market (Antle, Jones and Rosenzweig, 2017).

Gap in literature

In this literature, the major gap is that, there is no such company based or product based analysis and evaluation of the knowledge, where it would be possible to understand the production technique in a particular industry. The literature review is related to the latest information and practice in the recent years through which the organisations try to improve their efficiency to manufacture the products. However, there is no such information about a particular product or service innovation. It is necessary to have in depth knowledge and understanding about the product and service innovation in a particular industry in order to understand the production technique to manufacture the next generation product.

Tactics to resolve the literature gap

The above mentioned literature gap needs to be mitigated in order to develop appropriate literature review. Thematic analysis would be one of the effective ways to reduce the gap in literature, where it would be effective to develop conceptual framework and create appropriate themes for developing the literatures. Moreover, a wide range of literates must be review so that the researcher can review different production and manufacturing technology in different industry such as technology, next generation products, grocery and food retail chain, clothing industry or other consumer goods. Hereby, inclusion of examples in different industries must be included in this literature review where different views of the authors can be gathered.

Explaining research methodology suitable for this study

Research methodology is important for the researcher in order to develop effective strategies to progress in the research and follow suitable path to complete the study through appropriate data collection and data analysis technique. It is necessary further researcher to choose the right method of conducting the research efficiently and fulfil the research aims and objectives successfully. The study is related to developing next generation products in the company by conducting more in depth research and development about the innovation and creativity in choosing materials, production process and technology so that the manufacturing company can establish the brand efficiently in the market. In this regard, there are research philosophy and approach which are effective to develop planning of the research at the initial stage. As per the research philosophy, there are positivism, realism and interpretivisim (Silverman, 2016). Under the interpretivism, the researcher tries to interpret the elements of the study where human interest can be maximised and according to this research philosophy, the researcher aims at interpreting the theories and concepts with the social constructions such as language, instruments, shared meaning in the society and consciousness. On the other hand, realism research philosophy relies on the ideas of independence of reality from the human mind and it is based on the scientific approach to the development of knowledge with proper assumptions.

On the other hand, there is positivism research philosophy, under which it is possible to uncover the truth and the researcher tries to develop natural sciences and it seeks to identify measure and evaluate the phenomenon and provide rational explanation for it. Hereby, in order to maintain rationality of the study and explore in depth understanding of the research study, it would be beneficial for the researcher to choose the positivism research philosophy to progress in the study and complete it successfully. Positivism research philosophy is beneficial for the researcher to maintain validity and reliability of the research and in addition to this, it is possible for the researcher to understand the context of the research and the researcher is able to analyse and gather in depth knowledge to conduct the research efficiently (Glesne, 2016). Hereby, for the current study of identifying the latest production and manufacturing technology in the global manufacturing companies, it would be advantageous for the researcher to choose the positivism research philosophy and progress in the study efficiently.

On the other hand, there are research approaches which are inductive and deductive, and it is necessary to choose the right research approach to conduct the study efficiently. As per the inductive research approach, the researcher starts with the empirical data and questions to develop hypothesis and create new theories and concept through the data analysis and interpretation process. Hereby, the new theory can be explored by the research and data analysis process. On the other hand, in the deductive approach, the approaches usually begin with theory driven analysis and development of the hypothesis to analyse and evaluate the research topic efficiently. In this regard, the researcher can choose deductive approach to utilise the existing theories and concept related to the research topic as well as collect the relevant and valid data and information for successful data analysis and interpretation so that it would be possible for the researcher to evaluate the research topic and fulfil the aim and objectives of the study. In this particular research, it would be beneficial for the researcher to choose the deductive research approach in order to collect a vast range of knowledge and theories and models related to the latest technology and process of production and manufacturing method in the manufacturing companies, and analyse the research topic successfully. For this particular study, mixed research will be chosen which will be efficient for the study to choose the positivism research philosophy and deductive research approach to progress in this study and analyse the research topic efficiently.

Data collection method and its benefits and limitations

Data collection is the process to gather the relevant and valid information and data for further analysis and evaluation of the research topic and in this regard, there are two types of data collection method, one is primary and second is secondary data collection. Both the data collection methods are effective for conducting the study efficiently. As per the primary data collection method, the researcher tries to collect first hand information directly from the field where the respondent’s participation is mandatory for improving involvement and collecting the valid data for progressing in the research successfully (Kumar, 2019). As per the primary data collection methods, there are different ways to collect the data and information which are statistical methods, surveys, polls, interview, focus groups and online questionnaire survey. These are the major process of collecting the primary information which would be beneficial to conduct the study efficiently. The process of collecting the primary information is effective, where the respondents can have the opportunity to participate and provide the valid data which are effective to conduct the research efficiently. the major benefits of using the primary data collection method are good data interpretation, collection of first hand relevant information is possible, efficiency of the data can be maintained and having greater control of the information and data.

The issues related to the research can be mitigated through appropriate data collection method, where the greater control of the information and the efficiency of the data can be beneficial to fulfil the research successfully. On the other hand, there are certain disadvantages of the primary data collection process which are time taking, high cost, lack of knowledge of data analysis technique as well as lack of accessibility of the data and lack of validity and reliability of the data (Gray, 2019). There is some information which is not valid and honest answers of the participants cannot be gathered due to lack of concentration and interest of the participants. On the other hand, the primary data collection method is expensive and time taking activity for which the researcher faces difficulties in gathering the primary data successfully. on the other hand, the secondary data collection method is where the researchers collects the data from the secondary sources of information which are financial report of the company, internet search, online articles and journals, books and government reports which are effective to collect in depth data and information. The secondary data and information are easily accessible and it helps to enhance the knowledge and efficiency of the researchers where the researchers are able to improve their understanding about the research topic by collecting the existing theories and practice. On the other hand, the validity and reliability analysis of the secondary data is difficult for the research and other disadvantages of secondary information are incomplete information, and lack of quality of the research.

Data analysis technique and its benefits and limitations

The researcher needs to choose the appropriate data analysis technique, in order to progress in the research and conduct the analysis efficiently. There are two types of data analysis technique, which are qualitative and quantitative analysis. Under the qualitative data analysis technique, the researcher tries to analyse the collected data and information with the help of the existing theories and knowledge (Quinlan et al., 2019). The qualitative data analysis technique is useful for the researcher to analyse the research topic efficiently by utilising the existing knowledge and theories. It allows exploring analysis and generating hypothesis as well as the qualitative data analysis technique and it is not expensive and the researcher can conduct in depth study and research with the help of the theories and knowledge. On the other hand, the disadvantages of using the qualitative data analysis technique are there are no such interactions with the social activities and the researcher faces difficulties to generate the data. On the other hand, there is quantitative data analysis technique, under which the researcher aims at analysing the collected data and findings through statistical models, graphs and charts, where the correlations among the factors related to the research topic will be analysed well. It helps to obtain accurate image of the research and fulfil the research ism and objectives as well as helps to maximise the hypothesis and testing successfully. However, it is costly and time taking activity to conduct the quantitative data analysis method and there would be disadvantages if the researcher is not well knowledgeable about the statistical models and analysis, and in this case misinterpretation of the gathered data and information will explore different analysis and findings. Hereby, in order to conduct the quantitative data analysis technique in the research, the researcher needs to have in-depth knowledge and understanding about the theories and concept as well as the data in order to conduct the study efficiently.

Review the methods of data collection and interpretation in this study

In this particular study, appropriate data collection and data analysis technique need to be chosen in order to progress in the research and explore the production techniques, process innovation and technological advancement for the benefits of the manufacturing companies in order to develop and manufacture next generation products. In this study, both the data collection methods are necessary in order to collect the primary or firsthand information and data as well as the secondary information. The primary data collection method must be implemented in order to collect the first hand information directly from the participants (Fletcher, 2017). In this regard, the strategy of online questionnaire survey and the interview are the effective techniques to collect the primary data. for the interview technique, it would be suitable to arrange interview with the managers of the manufacturing company and apart from that for questionnaire survey, it would be possible to include the engineers and the employees at the production sight to identify the latest technology, utilised in the manufacturing companies for successful production of the next generation products and services in the market. Hereby, the primary data collection methods are important for collecting the first hand information regarding the methods of production, latest upgraded technology and process innovation in the manufacturing company.

In addition to this, it is necessary for the researcher in this particular study to collect the secondary data directly from the online journals, articles and books as well as business letters and news reports and financial reports, which are important to improve knowledge and understanding of the researcher to progress in further project efficiently. For collecting effective information, it is necessary to review the secondary sources of information, so that it is possible to gather knowledge about the latest practice in the manufacturing companies for manufacturing the final outputs as well as other technological advancement and technique of production and manufacturing in the companies. The business letters and the new reports are effective in this case to acknowledge the existing practice and technological innovation and creativity in the manufacturing companies across the globe. After collecting both the primary and secondary data, it would be beneficial to utilise mixed research method by considering the quantitative and qualitative data analysis technique for analysing the primary data and secondary information respectively.

Reference List

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