Factsheet of Education for children and young people in Uk

United Kingdom or Britain consist mainly of two main country: the Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom is the parliamentary democratic country that contain the constitutional monarchy.

Under Children act 2004 and Education act 2011 all children and young people in the UK must be covered under the basic education system. Under the Children act 2004, all children will be provide with the fair and bias free education facilities in which they are provide with proper learning and developmental environment which is free from any discrimination or unfair practices. The learning and education framework for children is designated and regulated by the EYFS system (Early Years Foundation Stage) (Hodkinson, 2020).

Based on the research database from BESA (British Education Suppliers associates), it is stated that, I the UK, there are 32,028 schools for children and young people. Out of this schools there are more than 3069early learning centers ad nurseries for children (www.balancenortheast.co.uk, 2019).

There are 4190 secondary schools, 20,807 primary schools and 22 middle schools that plays crucial roles in promoting effective and development for children and young people (www.free-for-kids.com, 2020).

In the UK, there are more than 10, 32,811 part and full times pupils at the schools. Out of this, there are 8,890,356 pupils in England, 794,365 pupils I the Scotland, 469,176 pupils in the Wales and 341,402 in Northern Ireland.

EYFS framework is associated with providing children with such educational environment in which their holistic development in conducted. The EYFS providers in the UK play crucial roles in conducting psychological, emotional, physical, intellectual and cognitive development of children thereby improving the decision making a cognitive skill in children (Kerckhoff et al. 2017).

UK makes a huge investment in the children and young education each year. The average budget for primary schools in 2019/20 is £1162, 000 and for secondary schools in 2019/20 is ££ 41914,000. The BESA reports that, the primary and secondary education budget in the UK is increased in 2019/20 by 3.1% and 1.9% respectively compared to their previous years (www.balancenortheast.co.uk, 2019).

UK government also spent a huge amount of money in the schools resources. The recent reports shows that, het average spending for primary schools resources (capital and recurrent) by UK government is £ 42,970 and for secondary schools resources is £ 179,780 in 2019/20. There is a hike of 0.6% and 1.4% in the average primary schools resources spending and secondary schools resources spending in 2019/20as compared to the previous years (www.free-for-kids.com, 2020).

Key facts regarding the education for children and young people in Pakistan:

Pakistan is officially named as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan which is considered as one of the most underdeveloped countries in the world. Pakistan is the 5th most populous country in the world with a population exceeding 225 million (Asif et al. 2020).

Pakistan is the democratic federal republic which has Islamic as the state religion. Under Right to Education, Pakistan (RTE, Pakistan) Article 25A, every child in Pakistan must be provided with the education facilities irrespective of the culture, ethnicity race religion and caste (Ali et al. 2021). UNICEF Pakistan works on providing better educational opportunities to children and young people in Pakistan by impacting positively on the curriculum setting, improving learning and teaching techniques and improving the primary school enrolment.

From recent UNICEF reports it is stated that currently Pakistan represents world’s 2nd highest number if out of school children (OOSC). In Pakistan and estimation of 22.8 million children aged 5-16 years do not attend schools that accounts for nearly 44% of the total population belonging to the age group 5-16 years (Zubair et al. 2019).

IN Pakistan there are three stage or Grades of education such as elementary education (1-5 years), middle education (6-8 years) and secondary education (9-12 years). There are additional education grades such as, higher secondary education, vocational education and tertiary education (Asif et al. 2020).

The UNICEF report shows that, 5 million children are reported to do not have any enrolment in schools. The number of children who are not enrolled in schools becomes double after the primary school age of children with a rate of 11.4 million adolescent belonging to the age groups 10-14 years are not enrolled in schools (Abdullah and Akhtar, 2019).

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The education system in Pakistan is considers as one of the underdeveloped system in the world. Barely 60% of all the children in Pakistan complete tier primary education. UNICEF report shows that most surprisingly, in case of secondary education still in many villages and suburban areas of Pakistan only male child are preferred to send to schools. Even in many reputed and educated families in Pakistan, single sex (male) is preferred for receiving the secondary and higher secondary education.

Vocational education system is regulated by the Pakistan Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority. Under this educational system, the career oriented skill and developed program are conducted for students for preparing them for future career.

Tertiary education enables student to get the bachelor degree in differed disciplines including engineering, architecture, and pharmacy. Medicine etc. however UNICEF reports shows that only 6% of Pakistani students attended this tertiary education. Moreover, out of this percentage there is high number of male student as compared to female students.

From recent UNICEF reports, it is clear that in Baluchistan, more than 78% girl children and 52% of deprived children do not attend school education.

Comparison between the children education in the UK and Pakistan:

In Great Britain, Northern Ireland, England and Wales schools follow the National Curriculum including some variation (Kerckhoff et al. 2017). on the other hand Scotland has a completely different curriculum for children and young people. In UK the start age of formal education is 4 years as compared to that in Pakistan where the starting age of education is 1 years.

In Pakistan the elementary education starts at the age of 1 year. Children belong to the age group 1-5 years are included in the elementary education (Hodkinson, 2020). As compared to the education system in UK, IN Pakistan the entire education system is categorized into elementary education (1-5 years), middle education (6-8 years) and secondary education (9-12 years). As compared to the quality and effectiveness of each stage of education system in UK, in Pakistan is considered as one of the lowest standard and underdeveloped education system.

UK education system is considered as a well-organised and strong system which makes the education compulsory for children who attend an age of 4 years (Drane et al. 2020). In the UK, there are more than 10, 32,811 part and full time pupils at the schools. Out of this, there are 8,890,356 pupils in England, 794,365 pupils I the Scotland, 469,176 pupils in the Wales and 341,402 in Northern Ireland.

The UK education system is well-categorized into four stages such as primary, secondary, further and higher education (Hodkinson, 2020). Then a two years program which starts at the age of 14 is conducted for every child which ends with General Certificate of Secondary Education. At the age of 16, students complete their secondary education and get the GCSE.

Based on the research database from BESA (British Education Suppliers associates), it is stated that, I the UK, there are 32,028 schools for children and young people. Out of this schools there are more than 3069early learning centers and nurseries for children (www.balancenortheast.co.uk, 2019).

GCSC

General Certificate of Secondary Education) is the schools leaving certification that are given to student of they complete the secondary education. Generally the GCSE programme stat from 13 years age and then completed when students attained an age of 16 years (Hodkinson, 2020). Student from the Key Stage 4 or KS 4 is enrolled in the GCSE programme.

In modern era, GCSE reform programme has been introduced by UK government for children that includes a grading system by letters (A-G) instead of numbers (Kerckhoff et al. 2017)).

GCSE includes 50 subjects and full time 5 semester courses. The GCSE examination are conducted in the month of May or June for the students with attain Grade 11 (year 11).

As compered to GCSE in UK, in Pakistan the vocational training and tertiary education programme are organised and controlled by Pakistani Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority. Unlike, UK education system in which the national curriculum is developed for ensuring free education for each child irrespective of child’s gender, religion ethnicity and race. In Pakistan single sex education is still preferred I many families residing in rural and suburban region. Barely females are allowed to attend he vocational training and skill developed programme.

Reflection:

By working on this assignment I am able to gain a clear knowledge the global context of education children n ad young people. By conducting research on the UK and US education system, I am able to know that, In the UK the starting year for education or children is 3 years which is earlier than that in Pakistan (4years) (Hodkinson, 2020).

I also gain clear understanding on the statistics of children education on in the Pakistan and UK. Throughout working on this module I come to learn that, In the UK there are more than 32,000 schools for children, which icliu7des, preschools, nurseries and early learning centres (Kerckhoff et al. 2017).

This study also assisted me to understand the classification of the education system in the UK and Pakistan. This module enables me to know that UK there are 4 major educational categories such as primary education, secondary education further education and higher education (Cusworth et al. 2020).). On the other hand, in the Pakistan there are two major educational categories such as primer and secondary.

This study assisted me to learn about the various schools for children and teenagers in the UK and Pakistan. This study is also helpful to improve my understanding regarding the ethnic and racial children’s enrolment in Pakistan and UK education.

By working on this assignment I am able to develop my iu8ndersatidng on the similarities and comparison of the UK and Pakistan education system, for example as compared to Pakistan in which there is numbers-based grade system grade), in the UK, grade is based on letters (A-Z)

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Reference list:

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