Innovative Disruptive Technologies

Introduction

The emerging themes are primarily the innovative methods which could be utilised to perform business activities in a markedly different manner form the previous conventional methods of such work performance. According to Crane, Kawashima and Kawasaki (2016) emerging themes are primarily disruptive technological trends which contribute to redesign of work processes and associated business operations. This observation is critical to outline the challenging aspect related to the emerging themes in the global business spectrum. Furthermore, the four Pillars of Emerging Themes could be also assessed from such perspectives regarding their interrelation and their cumulative impact on the global business scenario. In this context, the corresponding study essay has fundamentally highlighted and has examined the applicability of emerging theme based changes and implications of the same regarding pertinent business discourses. Furthermore, the study has also delved into the analysis of the possible implications concerning the impact of such emerging themes within the current and future business perspectives, primarily involving a the span of time extending up to next 5 to 10 years. Such observations have also included the analysis of the benefits and challenges brought forth by such emerging themes in the global business sector so as to determine plausible and credible recommendations for business organisations to apply in the future perspectives for the purpose of retention of their competitive market positions and to ensure their prospects of business progression.

TASK A

The four pillars of emerging themes could be identified as Impending Changes in the Society, Emerging work environments, Emerging technologies and Emerging Industries. From a functional perspective, it could be understood that these themes generally have interdependency.

Emerging Technologies

Emerging technologies formulate the specific connective influence which could regulate the diverging aspects of the four pillars of the emerging themes. The corresponding diagram is indicative of the logical interdependence scenario of these pillars of emerging themes:

Formulation of unique work environments by application of emerging technologies

The methods as well as venues of business operations are increasingly determined by the interactivity of existing work processes with emerging technologies. This also highlights the development of new work environments. The emphasis is on technical innovations such as the Social Media platforms, Internet based data management and analysis prospects such as Cloud Computing applications, unique communication channels such as the VOIP and others. The cumulative effect of such technological innovations has been the introduction of radical changes in the current business environment such as the development of the ‘Co-creation’ concept where the business stakeholders actively participate in the production innovation processes (Davis, Docherty and Dowling, 2016). Such observations could bring forth the fundamental benefits of emerging themes concerning greater collaboration fostering between different stakeholders. The emerging technologies of Cloud Computing and other remote management software applications could now permit the business organisations to collaboratively perform different activities and obtain feedback and other data instantaneously. Furthermore, the development of Social Media based advertisement opportunities could now provide the business enterprises with the ability to achieve the optimum number of customers and also obtain credible feedback from them. Such abilities contribute to competitiveness improvement for the business entities comprehensively as well. The advent of businesses which focus on the consumer centric approaches is perceptible in this context. The core value is to garner customer feedbacks and utilise the same to develop products and services in an according manner so as to better suit the preferences of the customers. This is discernible as the concept of collaboration and co-creation pertaining to the sharing of knowledge, expertise, skills and resources amongst the producers and the stakeholders.

Social changes

According to Madon and Krishna (2018), the various emerging technological novelties to conduct market operations such as the utilisation of online product promotion through social media platforms and other purpose formulated product information hosting websites, have been having a profound effect in terms of feedback and customer interest generation, product communication optimisation, stakeholder interest management and competition monitoring on part of the organisational operatives. This has been also encouraging the customers to provide their opinions and feedback on the offered products and services in terms of posting their comments and like new product offerings on the specific response web portals furnished by companies such as the MX Wholesale and Trouva.

Such interactive methodologies now developed under the precincts of the emerging technological trends have culminated in the institution new and completely changed avenues of performing business activities regarding market operations. One suitable case in point could be drawn from the improvement in the transportation prospects which has contributed to the subsequent social impacts with special emphasis on the benefits which could be garnered from the greater efficiency of transportation methods now underutilisation. Concrete examples are available in terms of various services comprising ride sharing on call systems such as Uber. These systems are emblematic of the technological advances which have been featured by online apps to access differential services such as online ordering of products and merchandises and booking of services such as ride sharing. According to Reypens, Lievens and Blazevic (2016) the most profound impact of such emerging technologies has been in the field of communication where information sharing and transfer of data have been revolutionised in terms of permissible volume and speed of communication through Internet based services such as different social media platforms and e-mail services.

Changes in the social impact

Improvement in digitised telecommunication has been overarching in terms of the emerging information technological trends. The social effect could be ascertained through increasing propensity of the consumers to search for their preferred products online and placing of orders and bookings of products and services through the Internet based e-commerce services. Thus, Galati and Bigliardi (2019) has stated that the IT services now have become the catalyst of greater integration of business services in terms of globalisation and accessing of information and utilisation of the same for commercial transactions including individual and institutional purchases and sales management have contributed to the value enhancement potentials of technically advanced organisations. The scope and spectrum of businesses such as start-ups have expanded exponentially and the emergence of new businesses based on real time data transactions and other new technologies has been ensured.

TASK 2

Industry and emerging themes

Constructing innovative measures of business operations performing in the emerging marketing has become the fundamental objectives of business entities to ensure market survival and competitive leverage retention. Some significant examples could be outlined as renewable energy resources and 3D based designing and manufacturing, holographic imagery based data storage, advanced augmented reality based gaming design, telemedicine live streaming and advertising through social media. Mobile network based services such as eateries and ride sharing could as well be considered as indicative such emerging themes. The factor of demographic transformation has been of defining substance in this respect since, according to Gale (2011), the measure of social media engagement of the post-millennial generation is considerably higher than any previous generation and this trend is expected to experience progressive growth in the near future. Thus, the efficacy and importance of social media and other Internet platforms in terms of being the most effective mode of promotion of product and service offerings and as the tools of instantaneous commercial transactions such as purchase and sales activities, would be expanding in a consistent manner. Furthermore, an important emerging thematic trend has been outlined by Evans (2O12) to be that of the extending significance of the Social Media in terms of management of the fundamentals of Human Resources such as recruitment and selection. The human resource management process performed within the innovation and creativity based industries, such as new start-ups, gets influenced significantly by the driving force of new technological innovations which further introduce greater changes in the preferences and loyalties of consumers.

Advantages of utilisation of social media in human resource management fundamentals

The trend of social media based recruitment drives have gained further traction through the increasing application of Internet of Things based applications in terms of formulation of advertisements and to promote the selection of candidates based on work role specifics concerning high value based employment opportunities. The recruitment campaigns are thus designed for candidate profiles which could be best comparable to the responsibility scenario (Buckley et al.2004). The underlying benefits are accuracy of the recruitment messages, selection of the most time efficient promotional platform and the communication of the exactitudes of such recruitment necessities. Furthermore, controlling the flow of information through social media regarding recruitment processes could be achieved through specifically tailored interpersonal information sources and this considerably curtails the costs and time necessities incurred for recruitment.

Challenges of online and social media based employee recruitment

On the other hand, utilisation of social media to recruit employees contributes to the expansion of potential applicant number and puts strain on the HR executives to screen appropriate candidates. Apart from this, the dissemination of unsubstantiated information regarding any business enterprise, including malicious rumours and disinformation, becomes possible through the application of social media since sanitisation of released information does not become a possibility always due to the open source nature of such media platforms. The entailing problems are difficulty in recruitment of talented individuals and disfavouring employee turnover rates (Anand, 2010).

Emerging theme relevant to Business sectors

Various business sectors are influenced by the emerging disruptive technical and social themes. Some examples could be contemplated as Augmented and Virtual Reality based production process management, IoT, utilisation of automated transportation such as through drones, voice and speech recognition software, Blockchain based data encryption systems, greater emphasis on social media based sales, purchase, marketing and recruitment services, demographic transformation and greater social preference on real time based service provisioning and various other themes. In this context, Boden et al (2017), have outlined that Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has been one specific technological aspect which is increasingly experiencing extensive application in different business disciplines through the utilisation of Information Technology based novelties. The primary functioning of such a process is to properly capture and manipulate data, ensure effective communication through multiplicity of nodes of data and information transfer and perform automated fund and financial information transaction. Critical organisational work processes such as the HR functioning could be assisted through the utilisation of RPA since it is formulated to perform the tasks on a sequential and repeatability basis.

Automated technologies in business disciplines

The automated applications and tools could be employed to conduct activities in different business disciplines which could be routinized concerning the repeatability aspect associated with such tasks. The implementation of IT applications such as user interfaces able to imitate human interactions through sequential learning algorithmic methods could become the substitute for human operators in tasks which involve a specific pattern based repetition. In this context, the analysis of the measure of benefit of such technology utilisation could be performed in relation to the four pillars of the emerging themes in businesses.

Influence of advanced technical themes Emerging work environments

The core benefit of the technologies associated with Precision Automation and Robotics could be identified as the element of flexibility which permits such a technical discipline to be applied in diverse work environments such as in the precision engineering sectors where automated machines are utilised for precision manufacturing and mechanisation tasks. These systems are also utilised as bionics in the medical industry and as combined machinery application in the large engineering projects where multiple automated machines could be simultaneously employed.

Influence of Emerging Technologies on social discourses

According to Macnaghten, Davies and Kearnes (2015) the increasing trend of automated work management through the application of robotics is poised to supplement and substitute at least 35% of the global job scenario by the year 2035. Such expansion of the automated technology based task performance discipline could, thus, be logically concluded to impact extensively on the employment scenario of the future.

Influence of Emerging Technologies on the industrial market

According to Ab Rahman, Hamid and Chin (2017) the increased automation potentiality of different industrial sectors has outlined the high probability of loss of jobs in low and middle skill requirement sectors such as the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) since the utility of automated robotic technology could substitute the necessity of human participation in such sectors. Thus, only high value and high skill based employment spheres would be remaining human labour intensive.

Specifics of emerging technologies

According to Pasquale (2017), greater automation as well as the standardisation of production and operational processes have become possible concerning the advancement of the precision technologies. This process could be better acknowledged as the method of cognitive automation which has become increasingly operational in various measures of self-directed and self-guided, cybernetic operational processes such as robotics based engineering and productions. The element of Cognitive Automation involves combination of service operating software with information intensive work processes. One such specific example could be highlighted as the synthesis of Cognitive Computing and Artificial Intelligence which culminates in the Robotic Process Automation (RPA).

The impact of task automation processes in businesses

According to Arnold (2018), the Robotic Process Automation based management of front office and production as well as manufacturing operations has culminated in the generation of multiplicity of benefits. One particular example has been the utilisation of cognitive engagement processes in delivering personalisation of learning and training to the organisational human resources within a short span of time through the application of particular software suits. Furthermore, the cognitive automation based software suit technologies could interact with human personnel through language recognition applications and thus could confer greater systems insights and information to the participants of the Human Resource Management processes. Consequently, greater service proficiency and better insights of the existing work processes could assist the organisational management echelons to better analyse and identify the diversification and growth opportunities. The emphasis is generally concentrated on the development and utilisation of advanced analytics application through which detection of recurrent patterns of behavioural and operational discourses could be identified.

Influence of Emerging Automated work process management technologies on Human Resource Management

In terms of the HR operations in business services, the employment of cognitive process automation applications and subsequently applying data analytics systems, could contribute in the development of extensive capabilities of detecting differential patterns in the analytical outcomes of operational engagement data concerning the organisational human resources. The necessity, in this context, is of the proper administration of volumetric data analytics applications to examine the data derived from different HR discourses. One evident benefit of this process is the effective revelation of workforce inefficiencies through the application of talent as well as predictive analytics methods. Furthermore, the research of Pugliano (2012) has suggested that application of robotic automation processes could be a cost effective and risk aversive technical novelty through which human resource management and other front end business operations could be performed accurately. The underlying automation software could be installed and made operational on a variety of work systems such as mainframes and even laptops.

This could outline the prospect of development of specific work platforms by HR management personnel and teams to utilise accurate and pertinent software suits to apply major data analytic mechanisms for assessment purposes of the generated human resource feedbacks, records and associated data. Thus, tasks which require greater attentive deliberations such as employee motivation management and participatory leadership complement development concerning the performance of workflow management, could be now better organised since most of the personnel could be made to disengage from their office based duties and greater number of personnel could be made available for such critical tasks. This could directly contribute in the enhancement of positive growth of business organisations through instantaneous data analysis, generation of accurate and voluminous analytical outputs and could synthesise outcomes from wide ranging data structures involving great variance of inputs. Another benefit for the current business processes is the consistency and accuracy of such technological tools which could prevent variations in outputs while being operated by different operators such as divergent work teams. According to Salas and Martin (2017) application of artificial intelligence based automated work processes management technologies could encourage the existing human resource personnel to concentrate on development of greater technological skills for application in their designated task roles and this could imply greater intellectual stimulation such as creative ideation on part of the working personnel so that the element of innovation based problem solutions and quality infusion in the respective operational discourses could be strengthened. The primary obstacles in the application of such emerging technologies in the organisational work processes lies in the apparent challenge of managing the incompatibility between the existing work processes and the implementation of such new automated technical faculties. The problem lies in the consolidation of different data fragments which could be generated within the work processes and such core data is primarily utilised in an incomplete manner and this generates a heightened level of challenge for the automated analytical processes to synthesise accurate outputs. Apart from these, the necessity of consistently updating the knowledge and training levels of existing employees to manage the technical applications of the automated data analytical processes is consequentially a difficult proposition apart from being expensive in the long term. The organisations which utilise Artificial Intelligence based work processes are always at risk of the prospect of loss of data since extensive volume of data is required for such innovative applications to function properly.

Recommendation

The utilisation of automated systems such as cybernetic mechanisms to perform business functionalities has thus been contemplated to be troublesome due to the enormous measure of data which is required to effectively control such mechanisms. The solution lies in the standardisation of data management to facilitate the automation based support generation for the core tasks in the business disciplines. The challenge related to dearth of technical knowledge, could be overcome through ensuring proper training courses for the organisational staff so that greater familiarisation of the employees to the technical requirements and associated solutions could be ensured. This could primarily require budgetary resource allocation to the training purposes so that the potential expenditure associated with hiring of experts for such tasks could be precluded. Apart from this, recruitment of candidates with technical academic backgrounds could as well facilitate new solutions concerning such problems (Singaraju et al. 2016). The development of multi-tasking abilities within employees could be beneficial as well regarding prevention of job loss from the automation of repetition based tasks. Business management processes have to be careful to institute a proper organisational cultural change management system through which the employees could be sensitised towards the implications of the impending changes in work processes and in technical aspects. The problem of data management could be addressed through appointing of data management and cybernetic experts.

For the purpose of effective change implementation, an extensive approach of instituting the automated work process management applications needs to be utilised by the various companies currently opting to adopt such technological novelties. Greater emphasis has to be concentrated on the reinvention and expansion of the scope of organisational jobs in terms of sophistication and value addition. The influence of emerging themes such as automated technology would have to be consistently factored in while assessing the future course of the business organisations in terms of quality improvement and human resource management and while having to formulate new employment opportunities.

Reference List

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