The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Illness

On the field of health and illness, there is a common approach of bio psychosocial model, and under this model, health and illness is the combination of social condition, behavioural factors and biological factors. The knowledge of psychosocial can be gathered through reviewing the bio psychosocial model, which mainly focuses on the social aspects as well as the behavioural factors that have crucial impacts on the heath and illness of the individual. For students pursuing studies in this area, understanding these dynamics is crucial, especially when seeking psychology dissertation help.

Role of Psychology

According to Brown et al. (2002), in the health and social care context, psychology is playing an important role which considers the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of illness. Identifying and evaluation of the behaviour of the individuals must be analysed to prevent the illness of the human being and it is conducted in the primary prevention stage, where psychological test and evaluating the individual behaviour are necessary to be examined properly. In delivering the best quality care and treatment, the liaison activity and intervention technique are mandatory (Brown et al., 2002).

The evaluation of the behavioural factors and social factors are mandatory to assess the individual and identify the health problems and in this context the psychologist is efficient to analyse the observation, feeling, thoughts and motivational factors among the individuals. This further helps the psychologists to develop proper care plan to treat the individuals efficiently where as per the findings, the most of the cases are related to mental illness and this needs proper intervention of the care plan and treatment to change the behaviour of the individuals. The psychologists are also efficient to offer the stress reduction process, anger management through intervention with appropriate care plan for the benefits of the patient (Brown et al., 2002).

In the health and social care practice, the psychologists are also playing crucial role in providing proper training and developmental program for improving the knowledge and clinical skill of the staff to treat the patients with care and attest treatment. This role is beneficial for delivering high quality care and services for better management and improving the quality of care. According to Wahass (2005), biomedical model is also effective in this context to provide best quality care and treatment for overall success of care delivery to the patients so that the patient’s condition can be improved through proper psychological therapy and treatment.

Clinical psychologists

The psychologists are categorised in different groups in working collaboratively and treating the patients with care and in this regard, they are engaged with the prevention, patient assessment, diagnosing the mental illness, developing care and intervention planning and providing treatment with care. The psychologists are also efficient and clinically skilled to improve cognitive ability of the patients and it further improves patient condition where the patient starts collaborating with the psychologies to response positively with the treatment and quality care.

Health psychologists

In the health and social care context, the health psychologists are also playing an essential role in managing the quality of care and serving the patient with effective intervention plan. The health psychologists are able to prevention of the disease and manage the patients efficiently with latest treatment and care practice, the formulation of health policies and promotion and maintenance of the health (Wahass, 2005). The health psychologist are also able to identify the diseases and behavioural problems which also have impacts on the physical health of the individuals and thus it is mandatory to assess the patients and identify the psychological factors which have effects on the physical health.

Paediatrics psychologists are another category under psychology where the Paediatrics psychologists are taking care of the child mainly and the intervention plan and treatment are good for the child and adolescents. They are efficient to assess the mental and physical development of the child and acknowledge the health issues successfully. The child psychologists are also proficient with high clinical expertise and knowledge to identify the health related issues of the child, and provide the support where the children can cope up with the treatment and improve their mental condition to cope up with the family related issues and other stressful situations such as death, school problems and others.

Counselling psychologists

Counselling psychologists is one of the important categories under the psychology of health and social care practice, where they focus on helping the individuals for improving their wellbeing and address their conflict in living a normal living style. According to Wahass (2005), they are playing important role to assess the people to change their lifestyle and thinking process and adjust the environment to improve standard of living. The counselling psychologists are hereby efficient to treat the patients with proper support and improve their mental state and thinking process.

Nature and Nurture

It is an endless debate, where the arguments between natures vs. Nurture focus on behavioural activities and human development. There are numerous justifications of the debate which support the human development activities further.

The nature perspective

As per the component of nature, the human behaviour is a product of nature, inherited by genetics. The behaviour of the person depends on the genetic inherited from the parents and mental abilities, person behaviour, personality attributes are developed throughout the human development phases where the individual components also have impacts on the individual IQ rather than considering the nurture components.

The nature proponents argue that human behaviour is a product of nature that is, inherited through genetic. That is, person behaviour is as a result of unique genetic code inherited from their parents. Therefore, physical features of the people also depend on the parental genetics such as eye colour and in this context nativism also agrees that the other physical features of the child are developed in the same way (Zaky, 2015).

The nurture perspective

The human behaviour is shaped by external influences and that increases the importance of nurture perspectives in child development or human development. As per the nurture concept, the mind is blank at the stage of birth of the individual, where nature believes that the individual is pre-wired before birth (McLeod, 2018). The experience of the person depends on the external factors including the social and environmental factors. The human behaviour starts learning different situation and approaches such as imitation of a child surrounding by others, emotion and bonding (McLeod, 2018). It considers the ways of brought up of the individual including the psychological factors of behavioural development.

The nature vs. nurture debate

Two opposite sides of nature vs. Nurture is considered in this context where there is different perspective of developing human behaviour and mid set. The debate has social implications to determine the intelligence and behaviour of the individuals.

There are different psychological theories which are beneficial for understanding biological psychology and there is great influence the biological factors and genetics in the human development process. According to Zaky (2015), the behaviourism theory also focuses on emphasising the impacts of the external factors on human behaviour by the nurture concept.

The new nature vs. nurture debate

Nature vs. Nurture discussion is the arguments of two different sides where the discussion has moved towards either of the two nurtures to nature influence the specific human development (Zaky, 2015).

IQ influence

As per the findings and analysis of the study, the nature components have high effects on the individual IQ rather than nurture components (McLeod, 2018).

Personal Behaviour

Personal behavioural analysis is also mandatory where the psychologist is playing an important role to analyse adult trait. The components and nature of the individuals are influenced by behaviour of the individual and there is debate of nature vs. Nurture which has crucial impacts on human development phase as well as developing specific behaviour. The physiological theories are attached with the approach of nature and nurture and psychoanalysis utilises the concept of nature including the atmosphere of development and nurture concept of social upbringing during childhood.

References

Brown, R. T., Freeman, W. S., Brown, R. A., Belar, C., Hersch, L., Hornyak, L. M., ... & Reed, G. (2002). The role of psychology in health care delivery. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 33(6), 536.

McLeod, S. (2018). Nature vs. Nurture in Psychology. Retrieved 14 May 2020, from

Wahass, S. H. (2005). The role of psychologists in health care delivery. Journal of family & community medicine, 12(2), 63.

Zaky, E. (2015). Nature, Nurture, and Human Behaviour; an Endless

Debate. Retrieved 3 June 2020, from

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