Women's Involvement in the F.A. Cup Championship

GENDER INEQUALITY IN FOOTBALL COACHING PROFESSIONAL LEVEL WITHIN THE UK PREMIER LEAGUE.

Late last year, the F.A. suspended the women F.A. cup Championship due to pandemic-related challenges but insisted the male F.A. cup has to continue (Gill, 2020). The F.A. decision has sparked several discussions on the position of women, more so whether they have a voice on policy changes. Either way, the researcher noted that traditionally, women had not been appointed as coaches for male clubs, and very few hold a senior leadership position within the F.A. itself. Equally, the researcher noted no woman in history ever had a coaching or assistant coaching position. If you are seeking insights into these dynamics, considering enlisting sociology dissertation help could provide valuable perspectives and analysis on gender disparities in sports organizations.

Ideas

Utilized the problem statement to scrutinize possibilities of gender inequality in Football coaching at the professional level – proposing the objectives for this study

Explored possibilities of a Literature Review to evaluate previous scholars concerning gender inequality in football coaching.

A Hypothesis identified the engaged a quantitative research design –interview option drawing evidence from participants.

Tabulating results, responding to objectives with the learning themes, recommending at least two measures.

Methodology

The researcher engaged in a qualitative research design, interview design. The interviews were conducted online using tools such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram. Percentages will be used to quantify data, bridging the survey and interview expectations while minimizing bias.

Results

The dependent variable Motivation to become a Coach against the other independent variables 4.3.2-4.3.9 attracted a significance of .971 for the analysis of variance, clearly identifying a glass ceiling that prevented women from achieving top leadership as coaches. The histogram attracted a mean of 1.80 and Std. Dev 0.909 for all the sampled 47 cases. There was close agreement than disagreement with the hypothesis that there exists gender inequality in coaching positions based on the independent variables.

Conclusion

Findings illustrated there lacks a deliberate and standard policy aimed at promoting women to top leadership.

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

Historically, men have dominated the English premier league; thus, the number of women in professional coaching is limited. Similarly, Clarkson et al. (2019) state that boys are encouraged to play football and rugby globally while girls are encouraged to participate in other games like netball or gymnastics. Therefore, when these children grow up, more boys than girls continue to play football. At the same time, few women are found in top coaching positions. Therefore, gender equality continues to be a tremendous and structural problem in the United Kingdom. Clarkson et al. (2019) state that there are various reasons why inequality remains to be a significant challenge in the premier league. Among these reasons includes the historical assumption that sports were created for men. Besides, the study also reveals an earlier assumption suggesting that sport was damaging to the womb or breasts, thus making the female body unfit for sports. Similarly, in professional coaching, many gender assumptions negatively influence coaches' interactions and confidence. However, regardless of the male dominance in the profession does not mean there are no girls. Some teams have female players though research shows that FIFA has honored more men than women for professional coaching female football associations (UEFA.com, 2020). The study also reveals that there are no women at the senior tactical level. Additionally, there is no woman coach at English top-flight divisions, Premier League, Championship, League One, and League Two (Yi et al., 2019; Yi et al., 2020). Besides, no woman has been involved in heading an adult male football club in the Premier League. However, there is a considerable number of female football players in the United Kingdom. This shows that football in the United Kingdom links closely to the notions of hegemonic masculinity where men dominate, and women are subordinate (Kalén et al., 2019). The situation in the United Kingdom demonstrates that men hold power and strive to maintain power over women in the football coaching sector. Therefore, while female participation rates in English football have continuously improved, there lacks a balancing commitment to leadership roles as men continue to play management roles in the football clubs.

1.2 Problem Statement

The marginalization of women in football coaching is a complex problem. There is a lot of under-representation of female coaches in soccer clubs. It is identified that gender stereotypes are the critical factor in excluding women from a particular position within football organizations. Among such factors includes an assumption of coaching positions and gender differentiation when recruiting coaches. Gender stereotypes and discrimination play a vital role in the marginalization of women as soccer coaches. Moreover, while gender-based discrimination has gained unmatched research in the last 73 years since the inception of the United Nations Freedoms of Rights, discrimination in the sporting arena is still a worrying trend. Efforts to promote women to senior positions in the clubs themselves have often been limited due to tactical ability or bonding with players (Hellier 2021 and Meire, 2021). However, there could still be other reasons, such as open prejudice, discrimination, or intimidation. Despite the possibilities of discrimination, still, there are problems at the policy level noted previously, noting Football Associations began policy development in 1993, a century later, following the professionalization of football associations. All through, male coaches have been believed to play a vital role in transferring football knowledge and skills to younger generations; thus, women are stereotypically considered not to have such competency.

The English sporting industry either deliberately ignores or has never considered women's competency, but there is still a lack of scholarly evidence to evaluate the nature of policies in place. There still lacks academic evidence evaluating female competency and leadership in a tactical environment, and possibly they could make better coaches than men. Besides, Lamy (2007, p. 114) states that clear coaching is hegemonic to practices and thinking. Either way, the negative framing of women coaching qualities is closely associated with the forceful and autocratic model of top-flight football. Still, no scholarly evidence illustrates possible efforts in controlling the authoritarian model governing football associations and clubs themselves. Although most clubs have a clear public policy on a woman in leadership, there is no

Sufficient research discounting organizational inequity due to a lack of promoting the feminine position at the coach level. As such, it is vital to explore the policies involved.

1.3 Scope of the Study

The researcher hopes to keep within the context of the U.K. Top Flight football, however, snippets of external information will be considered. The study's first objective should evaluate F.A.'s role towards sponsoring women in top leadership positions. The governing force of English football presents teaching routines and practices for football matches and governing, coaching, ethics, norms, and values. The F.A. plays a vital role in cultural influence in the gendered environment and discussions within the broader social context. Football coaches meanings of football within the process of gaining qualifications and the enactment of leadership explicitly. As such, narrowing down on F.A. policies would help see whether they promote gender equality in leadership.

Equally, the study should evaluate the quality of practices within the club themselves as they decide who to take the leadership role as a coach. Limiting clubs provides an excellent analysis to understand whether there have been female football coaches in history and to the highest level a woman has ever reached in club management (Einarsdottir, Christiansen & Kristjansdottir, 2018). The goal is to unveil whether there have been, are there, or would be efforts to sponsor club leaderships. Lastly, there is a need to determine women's leadership and tactics within English football; this would help unveil the genesis of gender inequality in football coaching within the U.K. premier league.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The study is imperative for both scholarly and professional-level Research as it introduces exciting findings on the performance. Hindman and Walker (2020) noted the strange interviews on the journal entries for women of corporate leadership in professional sports. The results noted sexism occurs in everyday interactions with their coworkers and supervisors. Considering the various most robust findings as far as our Research is concerned is qualitative, proposing a quantitative result would better verify the hypothesis. The study would be significant in understanding the dynamic environments and their preferences based on existing inequalities.

1.5 Research Target

Aim: Examining the precincts of gender inequality in football coaching at English Top Flight

Objectives:

Examining whether clubs make efforts, strategies, and policies to minimize gender inequality and whether there are clubs that have previously hired a woman as a coach

Exploring Football Association policies on gender equality in the leadership of football teams.

Determining women's competency in leadership and tactics within the English Premier League and Championship.

1.6 Limitations of the Study

The next section is the literature review, hoping that enough quantitative/ experimental scholarly evidence will be sampled. However, the study will be limited to the U.K. Premier League environment. Furthermore, there might be limitations during the execution of the task; for instance, Time is still a significant constraint, while resource funding for the study is still yet another limitation. Surveying during Covid-19 has pros and cons, the cons being limited ability to meet participants and the pros probably being able to do it exclusively online. For instance, the researcher will use online libraries instead of reading books in a library, a significant advantage in narrowing down the time required for this study.

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Synopsis

The section evaluates the academic strengths of the three objectives established in the chapter, hoping to unveil the exact climate facing the premier league concerning gender inequality. The section has two fragments, a theoretical and empirical review, each examining scholarly perspectives either from a philosophical or hypothetical point of view. If satisfactory evidence is found, the Research will go straight to the discussion sections, further scrutinizing or sampling more articles through meta-analysis. If no sufficient evidence is found, the Research will conduct a preliminary study to unveil the best data.

2.2 Theoretical Foundation

Different theories originating from socialists' thoughts note inequality within the society assumes an almost legitimate position, when sports and gender are involved. Modern materialists ' theorists have challenged full equality for women, with women often positioned for their reproduction status and not tactical abilities in society. Women are more likely to be associated with food, domestic or cleaning in general, or lately medical services. Behuria (2019) claims capitalists keep women reproducing at the household level rather than at the labor force; countries such as the U.K. pay women for being housewives out of the husband's salary. Lesser Blumberg's theory provided the sociological relevance of industrial societies. As such, the production of surplus resources depends on access and control of resources while translating to the power status. Furthermore, modern sociology theory proposed by Mas’udah (2020) criticizes gender assignments on the conventional unity of the family; often, society has burdened women with family and domestic chores or associating them with unpaid domestic labor.

It is vital to examine how capitalist views and patriarchal institutions prevent women from developing from a tactical angle. Ford (2001) attaches women to the patriarchal dominion theory, noting how masculinity deliberately hinders growth. For instance, women could make better coaches than men without considering their tactical representation. Weisberg (2019) also attached liberal feminists' approaches to note how women are cultural, social, domestic, and career handicaps simply because of their biological assignment. Still, scholarly evidence noted that employed women's low incomes are reasoned based on domestic assignment, with married women often underrated. Meanwhile, variants of Parental Investment theory Geher and Wedberg, N. (2020) note the unequal investments on the foundation of sexual vision, labor, and investments in generously to the offspring.

Furthermore, Chodorow gender equality and presents desirable and feasible attainment on the fundamental changes within human behavior. Chodorow gender equality offers opinions on personality differences and attitudes. Izenberg (2019, p. 189) believes that gender equality is presented within the segments of equality classified under the family structure under Chodorow's view. The position of power is clearly understood from the domestic angle and not from the professional-grade. The kibbutz federals are usually token women into national politics while holding jobs that provide accurate decision-making. Furthermore, the overwhelming majority of the items on the agenda are economic and social expertise providing a disadvantage against women despite their competency.

References

Clarkson, B.G., Cox, E. and Thelwell, R.C., 2019. Negotiating gender in the English football workplace: Composite vignettes of women head coaches’ experiences. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 27(2), pp.73-84.

Kalén, A., Rey, E., de Rellán-Guerra, A.S. and Lago-Peñas, C., 2019. Are soccer players older now than before? aging trends and market value in the last three decades of the UEFA champions league. Frontiers in psychology, 10, p.76.

Yi, Q., Groom, R., Dai, C., Liu, H. and Gómez Ruano, M.Á., 2019. Differences in technical performance of players from ‘the big five’European football leagues in the UEFA Champions League. Frontiers in psychology, 10, p.2738.

Yi, Q., Gómez, M.Á., Liu, H., Gao, B., Wunderlich, F. and Memmert, D., 2020. Situational and positional effects on the technical variation of players in the uefa champions league. Frontiers in psychology, 11, p.1201.

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